Helmet was the only equipment worn on first 2 days of practiceĥ.2. AT had ability to cancel/delay practice because of inclement weather/heat restrictionsĥ.1. AT must be on site before, during, and after all practicesĤ.2. One day of complete rest after 6 consecutive days of practiceĤ.1. Double-practice days were not followed by another double-practice dayģ.4.
Two practices were separated by a break of at least 3 continuous hours that was in a cool environmentģ.3. A 3-hour recovery period occurred between the practice and walk-through (or vice versa)ģ.2. Double-practice days consisted of practices no more than 5 hours in length in totalģ.1. Single-practice days consisted of practices no more than 3 hours in lengthĢ.2. Double-practice days did not occur during the first 5 days of formal football practicesĢ.1. During the first 5 days of formal football practices, walk-throughs were no more than 1 hour in lengthġ.2. Since 2009, a number of state HS athletic associations have mandated implementation of the NATA-IATF guidelines in their state HSs. 10 The guidelines included specific recommendations for football, including the lengths of practice and rest breaks, limitations on double-practice days, a requirement of AT presence, and limitations on practice contact and the equipment worn ( Table 1). 6 The guidelines, released in 2009, recommended gradual acclimatization to a hot environment over the first 2 weeks of the preseason, during which 95% of heat-acclimatization adaptations occur. 6 – 9 The National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) created an Inter-Association Task Force (NATA-IATF) to develop preseason heat-acclimatization guidelines for helping HS athletes reduce their risk of EHI.
Heat acclimatization is one recommended approach for preventing EHI. Additionally, in HS sports, athletic trainers (ATs) are often the individuals managing injured athletes while also ensuring complete and proper implementation of preventive strategies.
3 – 5 Given that EHI-related deaths are preventable, 3 continued awareness and preventive strategies are integral. 1 In particular, exertional heat stroke, the most severe type of EHI, has been estimated to account for about 1 in 6 of all football-related deaths 2 and can result in permanent disability if not properly treated. Approximately 9000 exertional heat illness (EHI) events are treated annually in US high school (HS) athletes.
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